Preface As the study of physiology goes hand-in-hand with consideration of anatomy at multiple levels, it virtually impossible to adequately understand physiology without consideration of anatomy. Thus, I feel the necessity of a suitable objective type book on animal anatomy and physiology to meet the requirement of undergraduate students. I also feel the necessity no less when I find the students getting lost in larger volumes of textbooks on different aspects. This inspired me to write multiple choice books on the subject specially meant for the students of B.V.Sc. & AH., civil services aspirants and general educationists. This book deals comprehensively with all important aspects of gross anatomy and physiology of domestic and companion animals. In this book I don’t pretend to claim credit for any original contribution on the subj ect rather than it should be viewed as a concise collection of various important topics. My mission will be successful if the readers in general and veterinary students in particular get material benefit out of this book. I am indebted to Dr. Deepti Bodh, Assistant professor in department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology for her generous and sincere help and advice while writing this book. The contribution of the co-authors Dr. Manjul Kandpal, Dr. Deepti Bodh and Dr. Priyanka Pandey of the book is duly acknowledged. I shall be failing in my duties if I don’t mention the name of my teacher Dr. Amresh Kumar, former Dean, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Pantnagar, without whose encouragement this work would not have been possible. I am grateful to my wife, Dr, Sudha Singh for the strain she has tolerated so patiently and the load she took off my shoulders-responsibilities that could have diverted my attention from the academic endeavors.