eChapters

I. FILL UPS

1. The _____ is used in modern seed handling and storage systems for preliminary cleaning.
2. _____ removes large inert matter from the seeds.
3. _____ is a machine that do the rubbing action and debeard the seeds and polish the seed.
4. _____ is the basic cleaner in most seed processing plants.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the step in which the seeds are allowed to attain enough water holding capacity facilitating separation.
2. _____ process helps to draw the precise difference between filled live and filled dead seeds in IDS method.
3. PREVAC stands for_____.
4. NIR stands for_____.
5. IDS stands for_____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ means the application of physical, biological, chemical agents to the seed in order to enhance the physical, genetical, biochemical and health qualities of seed.
2. _____ coined the term seed priming.
3. _____ is the impregnation of the needy substance into seed through imbibition phase.
4. In paddy, seed fortification is done with _____ chemical.
5. In groundnut, seed fortification is done with _____ chemical.

I. FILL UPS

1. The seed act was passed in the year_____.
2. _____ advise the central and state government regarding suitability of seed testing laboratories.
3. _____deals with all the problems related seed certification and to coordinate the work of state seed certification agencies.
4. _____ agencies take sample to inspect seed lot and certify seeds of any notified kind of varieties.
5. _____ initiate testing program and collaborate with state seed laboratory and designed to promote uniformity in test results between all seed laboratories in India.
6. _____ look into the grievances of certified seed producers against a seed certification officials.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is a legally sanctioned system for quality control on seed multiplication and production.
2. Certification consists of _____ phases.
3. In single application, the maximum area that can be offered for certification is _____.
4. AOSCA stands for_____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the observation of number of plants / earheads of seed crop which should be observed during field inspection as one unit depending upon cropping pattern and crop.
2. Number of plants / earheads to be observed in one count for paddy is _____.
3. Number of plants / earheads to be observed in one count for sesame is _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. The objectionable weed of paddy is _____.
2. The objectionable weed of sunflower is _____.
3. The objectionable weed of oat is _____.
4. The objectionable weed of napier grass _____

I. FILL UPS

1. Specific crop standard consists of _____and _____.
2. _____ and _____ standards constitute the minimum seed certification standards for seed certification.

I. FILL UPS

1. A specified quantity of seed which is physically identifiable to the types of which certificate may be issued is called _____.
2. Taking small portions of seed random from different position of the lot and combining them is _____ of a seed lot.
3. A small portion taken from representative part of the seed lot is called _____.
4. A mixture of all primary samples taken from the seed lot is called _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ works on the principle based on gravitational force
2. Gamet divider is otherwise known as_____.
3. Gamet divider works on the principle based on_____.
4. _____ method is suitable for seeds requiring working samples upto 10grams and seeds not chaffy and do not bounce and roll.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ and _____ seeds give highest grain yield.
2. Assessment of _____ is one of the basic requirement for quality control of seed under the seed act.
3. The minimum number of seeds for germination test of _____.
4. The purity analysis in groundnut is done with working sample size is _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is one of the most important deciding factors of seed viability and quality during storage.
2. Indirect method of moisture estimation is_____.
3. Karl fisher titration method is _____ method of moisture estimation
4. For volatile oil containing seeds moisture is estimated by_____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ number of seeds are used for germination.
2. The seedlings which show the capacity for continued development into normal plant is called_____.
3. The seedlings which do not show capacity for continued development into normal plant is called_____.
4. Seeds which do not absorb moisture till the end of the test period is called _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. The quick viability test was developed by _____.
2. _____ is a biochemical test.
3. The indicator used for quick viability test is _____.
4. For maize seeds, the method followed for staining is _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the measure of how many seeds are alive and could develop into plants which will reproduce themselves.
2. _____ method is useful for determining viability of forest tree seeds.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the official measure for controlling the genetic purity of the seed lot.
2. _____ serves as ‘pre-control’ as well as ‘post-control’ for avoiding genetic contaminations.
3. _____ can also be used as a measure to judge the efficacy of the certification agency or the inspector.
4. The minimum population requirement for taking the observations shall be _____ plants.

I. FILL UPS

1. Rapid and uniform production of healthy seedling and stand establishment under a wide range of field condition is considered as _____.
2. The sum of those properties of seed which determine the potential level of activity and performance of the seed lot is called _____.
3. Vigour index = _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. The seed colour of cv COH₂ is _____.
2. The special appendage present in castor is called _____.
3. Modified phenol test was identified by _____ for pearl millet hybrids.
4. _____ test is for the varietal identification of sorghum.

I. FILL UPS

1. ISTA was founded in _____.
2. ISTA secretariat is located at _____.
3. _____ was founded with the aim to develop and publish standard procedures in the field of seed testing.
4. _____ is one of the leading international journals featuring papers and articles on seed quality and physiology published by ISTA.
5. The technical committees are made up of _____ number of members.

1. VARIETAL SEED PRODUCTION

3 m : Rice, soybean

5 m : Blackgram, greengram, cowpea, field lab lab lab lab

5-10 m : Groundnut

25 m : Tomato

60% - Bottlegourd, pumpkin, bittergourd, watermelon

65% - Cotton varieties, bhendi

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the maintenance of high seed germination and vigour from harvest until planting.
2. _____ is important to get adequate plant stand in addition to healthy and vigours plants.
3. _____ seeds can be dried to 6-10% moisture depending upon the species.
4. _____ seeds cannot be dried below 30-35% moisture and should be maintained at this temperature.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is defined as deteriorative mechanism occurring with time that increase the seeds vulnerability and decrease ability to survive.
2. Lettuce seeds develop red necrotic lesions in cotyledons known as _____.
3. _____ morphological changes occur in ground nut due to deterioration.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ refers to the application of pesticides to seeds before sowing or storage to protect the seeds.
2. The chemical gases as fumes are used to control the pests in seed lots is called as _____.
3. The treatments given to the seeds prior to or during storage to protect the seed are called _____ treatment.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ are capable of reducing the age induced damages and restoring the seed vigour by controlling free radical reactions.
2. _____ is the process of soaking the low and medium vigour seeds in water with or without adding chemicals to raise seed moisture and drying back for safe storage of seeds.
3. _____ treatment is similar to the moisture equilibration treatment.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is a collection of genetic resources for an organism.
2. The conservation of species in their natural habitats is called _____.
3. _____ is the preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.
4. _____ is a type of gene bank that stores seeds as a source for planting in case seed reserves elsewhere are destroyed.

I. FILL UPS

1. The area of science that studies the relationship between pathogens and seeds is _____.
2. The diseases that are caused by fungal pathogens in residues and on the soil surface are defined as _____.
3. The establishment of a pathogens in any part of the seed is referred as _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ refers to the health status of a seed.
2. A group of fungi that infects developing seeds on the plant in the field, but before it is threshed is called as _____.
3. _____ fungi invade seeds at (or) after harvest.
4. _____ method is used particularly for smut and bunt fungi in gramineous host.
5. _____ method is used for detection of karnal bunt of wheat.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ is the most important primary pests of cereals.
2. _____ causes serious damage in maize cob.
3. _____ is the field pest of pulses.
4. _____ feeds on already damaged.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ are also called ed-worms.
2. _____ nematode causes discolouration in groundnut.
3. _____ in rice is caused by Aphelenchoides besseyi.
4. The ear cockle disease is caused _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. RCA stands for _____.
2. Expert standing committee was set up in _____.
3. In _____year, All India Co-ordinated maize improvement programme was started.
4. First maize hybrid was released in the year _____.
5. All India co-ordinated bajra and sorghum improvement programme was started in _____.
6. First sorghum hybrid was released in the year _____.

I. FILL UPS

1. _____ refers to the actual acquisition and selling packed seeds, intermediate storage delivery and sales promotional activities.
2. _____ entails using marketing information for the purpose of planning.
3. _____ is one of the major channel through which bulk of paddy seeds, pulses seeds and oil seeds are marketed in the state.

1. The Fraction of incident radiation which is reflected back is called as.................

   a) Short wave radiation

   b) Long wave radiation

   c) Albedo

   d) U.V radiation

2. Hulling percent in Rice crop.........

   a) 60-70%

   b) 40-50%

   c) 80-90%

   d) 20-25%

1. The example of trisaccharide is—————————.

   a) Raffinose

   b) Maltose

   c) Glucose

   d) Sucrose

2. Betaoxidation of fatty acid was proposed by ———————.

   a) Rose

   b) Knoop

   c) J.B Sumner

   d) Bloor

1. Length of Gunter’s chain is……..ft

   a) 15

   b) 25

   c) 66

   d) 30

2. Chain is made up of thick galvanized iron wire of…..... mm in diameter

   a) 2

   b) 4

   c) 3.5

   d) 5

1. The initiator of a food web is

   a) Carnivores

   b) Herbivores

   c) Plants

   d) Decomposers

2. Fauna is term for

   a) Plant kingdom

   c) Animals

   b) Both (plant and animals)

   d) None of the above

1. Important objective of biotechnology in agriculture sector is

   a) To increase the nitrogen content

   b) To decrease the seed number

   c) To produce pest resistant varieties of plants

   d) To increase the plant weight

2. The main technology involved in agriculture biotechnology is called

   a) Tissue culture

   b) Plant breeding

   c) Transformation

   d) DNA replication

1. Mendel presented his results in the form of

   a) Two paper in French langua

   b) Two paper in German language

   c) One paper in German language

   d) None of the above

2. The alternative forms of a gene are called

   a) Allelomorph

   b) Gene

   c) Alleles

   d) None of these

1. The rice plant belongs to

   a) Short day plant

   b) Long day plant.

   c) Day neutral plant

   d) Etiolated

2. Cycoceal is a growth

   a) Growth inhibitor

   b) Growth hormone

   c) Growth regulator

   d) Growth stimulant

1. A man supplied excess fertilizer and water the grass well. After sometime the leaves turn brown because

   a) Due to water logging

   b) It decreases photosynthesis

   c) Fertilizer is drained in lower layer of soil

   d) Osmosis occurs in root and root dies

2. If roots of plant are removed and plant is placed in water, then what will be happen?

   a) Passive absorption will continue

   b) Imbibition will continue

   c) Active absorption will continue

   d) None of these

1. ………… is the father of plant pathology.

   a) T J Burril

   c) Anton De Barry

   b) Needham

   d) E J Butler

2. ……… first time reported that plant diseases are caused by bacterium.

   a) Robert Koch

   c) Kuhn

   b) E F Smith

   d) T J Burril

1. International Rice Research Institute is located at

   a) Mexico

   b) Philippines

   c) Nigeria

   d) Columbia

2. Use of combining ability as a measure of gene action was first suggested by

   a) Wright (1921)

   b) Griffing (1956)

   c) Sprague and Tatum (1942)

   d) Hayman (1954)

1. Genetic principles of seed production were given by

   a) Feistritzer (1975)

   b) Kadam (1942)

   c) Kadam (1936)

   d) Swaminathan (1970)

2. Objectionable weed seed in wheat seed production is

   a) Chandvel

   b) Johnsoon grass

   c) Sudan grass

   d) Wild rice

1. The nucleus seed in cereals is produced by

   a) Ear to Row method

   b) Plant selection

   c) Progeny selection

   d) Head selection

2. Foundation seed is the progeny of

   a) Truthfully Labeled seed

   b) Foundation seed stage I

   c) Nucleus seed

   d) Breeder seed

1. Decorticator is used for shelling pods in

   a) Bhendi

   b) Maize

   c) Groundnut

   d) Sunflower

2. Debearders are used in processing of

   a) Barley

   b) Oats

   c) Wheat

   d) Rice

1. Hallow heart in pea occurs due to

   a) Calcium deficiency

   b) Molybdenum deficiency

   c) Boron deficiency

   d) Zinc deficiency

2. Presence of pathogen on the surface of the seed is termed as

   a) Admixture

   b) Infestation

   c) Infection

   d) Contamination

1. In bhendi field, the permissible limits for wild bhendi for Foundation and certified seed production is

   a) 0.10, 1.00

   b) 0.05, 0.10

   c) 0.1, 1.5

   d) None

2. Weed seed, other crop seed and inert matter are the fractions of

   a) Purity analysis

   b) Germination

   c) Seed viability test

   d) All

1. ______ an application of the accounting principles to the business of farming.

   a) Farm planning

   b) Farm budgeting

   c) Farm accounting

   d) Marketing

2. ‘Beef’ and ‘hides’ are examples of:

   a) Independent enterprise

   b) Joint enterprise

   c) Supplementary enterprise

   d) Compitative enterprise

1. “Statistics is a science of calculations and averages”, the definition was given by :

   a) R.A. Fisher

   b) Boddington

   c) Bowley

   d) Anderson

2. “Statistics is a study of population, variation and methods of data reduction” is the definition of statistics according to:

   a) A.L. Bowley

   b) R.A. Fisher

   c) Boddington

   d) None of these